The Sand Monitor (Varanus gouldii flavirufus), also known as Gould's Monitor or the Goanna, is a large, powerful and highly active terrestrial species from Australia's arid and semi-arid inland. Adults commonly reach 1.2 to 1.6 metres and are fast, intelligent animals that need substantial space and experienced handling. This is not a beginner's reptile. A Sand Monitor is a long-term commitment with demanding space, heat and diet requirements.
A wildlife keeper's licence is required in Queensland. See our Queensland Reptile Licence Guide.
Enclosure
Adults require a very large, custom-built enclosure with a minimum of around 3 to 4 metres of length and deep burrowing substrate (at least 30 to 40 cm) that holds burrows. Sand Monitors are powerful diggers and will excavate extensively. Provide sturdy hides, a large water bowl for soaking, and ideally access to natural sunlight. A secure outdoor pen is the preferred setup for adults.
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Heating
- Basking surface temperature: 45 to 55°C
- Warm ambient: 28 to 32°C
- Cool end: 25 to 28°C
Use industrial-grade basking lamps or natural sunlight. Connect all heat sources to a thermostat. Browse our heating and thermostat range.
UVB Lighting
Strong UVB is essential. High-output T5 UVB tubes for indoor setups, or outdoor exposure to natural sunlight. Replace UVB tubes every 6 to 12 months. Browse our UVB lighting range.
Feeding
Carnivorous. Offer whole prey items including appropriately sized rats, day-old chicks, and other whole vertebrate prey. Insects remain a valuable part of the diet for younger animals. Feed juveniles regularly with increasing prey size; feed adults several times a week, adjusting to activity level and body condition. Obesity in captive monitors causes serious long-term health issues. Never feed by hand. Browse our frozen feeders.
Handling and Temperament
Sand Monitors are bold and intelligent, and many become manageable with consistent, calm, respectful interaction. They are large, powerful animals with strong claws: experience with large monitors is important before purchase. Never feed by hand and house adults individually unless breeding is being specifically managed.
Quick Reference
| Parameter | Target |
|---|---|
| Adult size | 1.2 to 1.6 metres |
| Lifespan | 15 to 20+ years |
| Basking surface | 45 to 55°C |
| Warm ambient | 28 to 32°C |
| Cool end | 25 to 28°C |
| UVB | High-output T5 or natural sunlight |
| Experience level | Advanced only |
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Disclaimer
This guide is provided for general educational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional veterinary advice. Individual animals vary and outcomes cannot be guaranteed. Always consult a qualified reptile vet for health concerns. A Queensland wildlife keeper's licence is required to purchase and keep Sand Monitors.
